1 Samuel 8:7-8

8:7 The Lord said to Samuel, “Do everything the people request of you. ¹  For it is not you that they have rejected, but it is me that they have rejected as their king. 8:8 Just as they have done ²  from the day that I brought them up from Egypt until this very day, they have rejected me and have served other gods. This is what they are also doing to you.

1 Samuel 8:1

Israel Seeks a King

8:1 In his old age Samuel appointed his sons as judges over Israel.

1 Samuel 19:10

19:10 Saul tried to nail David to the wall with the spear, but he escaped from Saul’s presence and the spear drove into the wall. ³  David escaped quickly ⁴  that night.

1 Samuel 19:14

19:14 When Saul sent messengers to arrest David, she said, “He’s sick.”

1 Samuel 19:2

19:2 So Jonathan told David, “My father Saul is trying ⁵  to kill you. So be careful tomorrow morning. Find ⁶  a hiding place and stay in seclusion. ⁷ 

1 Samuel 24:19-22

24:19 Now if a man finds his enemy, does he send him on his way in good shape? May the Lord repay you with good this day for what you have done to me. 24:20 Now look, I realize that you will in fact be king and that the kingdom of Israel will be established in your hand. 24:21 So now swear to me in the Lord’s name ⁸  that you will not kill ⁹  my descendants after me or destroy my name from the house of my father.”

24:22 David promised Saul this on oath. ¹⁰  Then Saul went to his house, and David and his men went up to the stronghold.

1 Samuel 1:16

1:16 Don’t consider your servant a wicked woman, ¹¹  for until now I have spoken from my deep pain and anguish.”

Nehemiah 9:26

9:26 “Nonetheless they grew disobedient and rebelled against you; they disregarded your law. ¹²  They killed your prophets who had solemnly admonished them in order to cause them to return to you. They committed atrocious blasphemies.

Jeremiah 2:30

2:30 “It did no good for me to punish your people.

They did not respond to such correction.

You slaughtered your prophets

like a voracious lion.” ¹³ 

Jeremiah 20:2

20:2 When he heard Jeremiah’s prophecy, he had the prophet flogged. ¹⁴  Then he put him in the stocks ¹⁵  which were at the Upper Gate of Benjamin in the Lord’s temple. ¹⁶ 

Jeremiah 26:15

26:15 But you should take careful note of this: If you put me to death, you will bring on yourselves and this city and those who live in it the guilt of murdering an innocent man. For the Lord has sent me to speak all this where you can hear it. That is the truth!” ¹⁷ 

Jeremiah 26:23

26:23 and they brought Uriah back from there. ¹⁸  They took him to King Jehoiakim, who had him executed and had his body thrown into the burial place of the common people. ¹⁹ 

Matthew 5:12

5:12 Rejoice and be glad because your reward is great in heaven, for they persecuted the prophets before you in the same way.

Matthew 21:35-41

21:35 But the tenants seized his slaves, beat one, ²⁰  killed another, and stoned another. 21:36 Again he sent other slaves, more than the first, and they treated them the same way. 21:37 Finally he sent his son to them, ²¹  saying, ‘They will respect my son.’ 21:38 But when the tenants saw the son, they said to themselves, ‘This is the heir. Come, let’s kill him and get his inheritance!’ 21:39 So ²²  they seized him, ²³  threw him out of the vineyard, ²⁴  and killed him. 21:40 Now when the owner of the vineyard comes, what will he do to those tenants?” 21:41 They said to him, “He will utterly destroy those evil men! Then he will lease the vineyard to other tenants who will give him his portion at the harvest.”

Matthew 23:31-37

23:31 By saying this you testify against yourselves that you are descendants of those who murdered the prophets. 23:32 Fill up then the measure of your ancestors! 23:33 You snakes, you offspring of vipers! How will you escape being condemned to hell? ²⁵ 

23:34 “For this reason I ²⁶  am sending you prophets and wise men and experts in the law, ²⁷  some of whom you will kill and crucify, ²⁸  and some you will flog ²⁹  in your synagogues ³⁰  and pursue from town to town, 23:35 so that on you will come all the righteous blood shed on earth, from the blood of righteous Abel to the blood of Zechariah son of Barachiah, ³¹  whom you murdered between the temple and the altar. 23:36 I tell you the truth, ³²  this generation will be held responsible for all these things! ³³ 

Judgment on Israel

23:37 “O Jerusalem, Jerusalem, ³⁴  you who kill the prophets and stone those who are sent to you! ³⁵  How often I have longed ³⁶  to gather your children together as a hen gathers her chicks under her wings, but ³⁷  you would have none of it! ³⁸ 

Luke 11:47-51

11:47 Woe to you! You build ³⁹  the tombs of the prophets whom your ancestors ⁴⁰  killed. 11:48 So you testify that you approve of ⁴¹  the deeds of your ancestors, ⁴²  because they killed the prophets ⁴³  and you build their ⁴⁴  tombs! ⁴⁵  11:49 For this reason also the wisdom ⁴⁶  of God said, ‘I will send them prophets and apostles, some of whom they will kill and persecute,’ 11:50 so that this generation may be held accountable ⁴⁷  for the blood of all the prophets that has been shed since the beginning ⁴⁸  of the world, ⁴⁹  11:51 from the blood of Abel ⁵⁰  to the blood of Zechariah, ⁵¹  who was killed ⁵²  between the altar and the sanctuary. ⁵³  Yes, I tell you, it will be charged against ⁵⁴  this generation.

Luke 13:33-34

13:33 Nevertheless I must ⁵⁵  go on my way today and tomorrow and the next day, because it is impossible ⁵⁶  that a prophet should be killed ⁵⁷  outside Jerusalem.’ ⁵⁸  13:34 O Jerusalem, Jerusalem, ⁵⁹  you who kill the prophets and stone those who are sent to you! ⁶⁰  How often I have longed ⁶¹  to gather your children together as a hen gathers her chicks under her wings, but ⁶²  you would have none of it! ⁶³ 

Luke 13:1

A Call to Repent

13:1 Now ⁶⁴  there were some present on that occasion who told him about the Galileans whose blood Pilate had mixed with their sacrifices. ⁶⁵ 

Luke 2:15

2:15 When ⁶⁶  the angels left them and went back to heaven, the shepherds said to one another, “Let us go over to Bethlehem ⁶⁷  and see this thing that has taken place, that the Lord ⁶⁸  has made known to us.”

[8:7]  ¹ tn Heb “Listen to the voice of the people, to all which they say to you.”

[8:8]  ² tn Heb “according to all the deeds which they have done.”

[19:10]  ³ tn Heb “and he drove the spear into the wall.”

[19:10]  ⁴ tn Heb “fled and escaped.”

[19:2]  ⁵ tn Heb “seeking.”

[19:2]  ⁶ tn Heb “stay in.”

[19:2]  ⁷ tn Heb “and hide yourself.”

[24:21]  ⁸ tn Heb “by the Lord.”

[24:21]  ⁹ tn Heb “cut off.”

[24:22]  ¹⁰ tn Heb “and David swore an oath to Saul.”

[1:16]  ¹¹ tn Heb “daughter of worthlessness.”

[9:26]  ¹² tn Heb “they cast your law behind their backs.”

[2:30]  ¹³ tn Heb “Your sword devoured your prophets like a destroying lion.” However, the reference to the sword in this and many similar idioms is merely idiomatic for death by violent means.

[20:2]  ¹⁴ tn Heb “And Pashhur son of Immer, the priest and he [= who] was chief overseer [or officer] in the house of the Lord heard Jeremiah prophesying these words/things 20:2 and Pashhur had the prophet Jeremiah flogged.” This verse and the previous one has been restructured in the translation to better conform with contemporary English style.

[20:2]  ¹⁵ tn The meaning of this word is uncertain. It occurs only here, in 29:26 where it is followed by a parallel word that occurs only there and is generally translated “collar,” and in 2 Chr 16:10 where it is preceded by the word “house of.” It is most often translated “stocks” and explained as an instrument of confinement for keeping prisoners in a crooked position (from its relation to a root meaning “to turn.” See BDB 246 s.v. מַהְפֶּכֶת and KBL 500 s.v. מַהְפֶּכֶת for definition and discussion.) For a full discussion including the interpretation of the ancient versions see W. L. Holladay, Jeremiah (Hermeneia), 1:542-43.

[20:2]  ¹⁶ sn A comparison of Ezek 8:3 and 9:2 in their contexts will show that this probably refers to the northern gate to the inner court of the temple. It is called Upper because it was on higher ground above the gate in the outer court. It is qualified by “in the Lord’s temple” to distinguish it from the Benjamin Gate in the city wall (cf. 37:13; 38:7). Like the Benjamin Gate in the city wall it faced north toward the territory of the tribe of Benjamin.

[26:15]  ¹⁷ tn Heb “For in truth the Lord has sent me to you to speak in your ears all these words/things.”

[26:23]  ¹⁸ tn Heb “from Egypt.”

[26:23]  ¹⁹ sn The burial place of the common people was the public burial grounds, distinct from the family tombs, where poor people without any distinction were buried. It was in the Kidron Valley east of Jerusalem (2 Kgs 23:6). The intent of reporting this is to show the ruthlessness of Jehoiakim.

[21:35]  ²⁰ sn The image of the tenants mistreating the owner’s slaves pictures the nation’s rejection of the prophets and their message.

[21:37]  ²¹ sn The owner’s decision to send his son represents God sending Jesus.

[21:39]  ²² tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “so” to indicate the implied result of the tenants’ decision to kill the son in v. 38.

[21:39]  ²³ tn Grk “seizing him.” The participle λαβόντες (labontes) has been translated as attendant circumstance.

[21:39]  ²⁴ sn Throwing the heir out of the vineyard pictures Jesus’ death outside of Jerusalem.

[23:33]  ²⁵ tn Grk “the judgment of Gehenna.”

[23:34]  ²⁶ tn Grk “behold I am sending.” The Greek word ἰδού (idou) has not been translated because it has no exact English equivalent here, but adds interest and emphasis (BDAG 468 s.v. 1).

[23:34]  ²⁷ tn Or “scribes.” See the note on the phrase “experts in the law” in 2:4.

[23:34]  ²⁸ sn See the note on crucified in 20:19.

[23:34]  ²⁹ tn BDAG 620 s.v. μαστιγόω 1.a states, “of flogging as a punishment decreed by the synagogue (Dt 25:2f; s. the Mishna Tractate Sanhedrin-Makkoth, edited w. notes by SKrauss ’33) w. acc. of pers. Mt 10:17; 23:34.”

[23:34]  ³⁰ sn See the note on synagogues in 4:23.

[23:35]  ³¹ sn Spelling of this name (Βαραχίου, Baraciou) varies among the English versions: “Barachiah” (RSV, NRSV); “Berechiah” (NASB); “Berachiah” (NIV).

[23:36]  ³² tn Grk “Truly (ἀμήν, amhn), I say to you.”

[23:36]  ³³ tn Grk “all these things will come on this generation.”

[23:37]  ³⁴ sn The double use of the city’s name betrays intense emotion.

[23:37]  ³⁵ tn Although the opening address (“Jerusalem, Jerusalem”) is direct (second person), the remainder of this sentence in the Greek text is third person (“who kills the prophets and stones those sent to her”). The following sentences then revert to second person (“your… you”), so to keep all this consistent in English, the third person pronouns in the present verse were translated as second person (“you who kill… sent to you”).

[23:37]  ³⁶ sn How often I have longed to gather your children. Jesus, like a lamenting prophet, speaks for God here, who longed to care tenderly for Israel and protect her.

[23:37]  ³⁷ tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “but” to indicate the contrast present in this context.

[23:37]  ³⁸ tn Grk “you were not willing.”

[11:47]  ³⁹ sn The effect of what the experts in the law were doing was to deny the message of the prophets and thus honor their death by supporting those who had sought their removal. The charge that this is what previous generations did shows the problem is chronic. As T. W. Manson said, the charge here is “The only prophet you honor is a dead prophet!” (The Sayings of Jesus, 101).

[11:47]  ⁴⁰ tn Or “forefathers”; Grk “fathers.”

[11:48]  ⁴¹ tn Grk “you are witnesses and approve of.”

[11:48]  ⁴² tn Or “forefathers”; Grk “fathers.”

[11:48]  ⁴³ tn Grk “them”; the referent (the prophets) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[11:48]  ⁴⁴ tn “Their,” i.e., the prophets.

[11:48]  ⁴⁵ tc The majority of mss list a specific object (“their tombs”), filling out the sentence (although there are two different words for “tombs” among the mss, as well as different word orders: αὐτῶν τὰ μνημεῖα (autwn ta mnhmeia; found in A C W Θ Ψ 33 Ï) and τοὺς τάφους αὐτῶν (tou" tafou" autwn; found in Ë^1,[13] 2542 pc). This suggests that early copyists had no term in front of them but felt the verb needed an object. But since a wide distribution of early Alexandrian and Western mss lack these words (Ì⁷⁵ א B D L 579 1241 it sa), it is likely that they were not part of the original text of Luke. Nevertheless, the words “their tombs” are inserted in the translation because of requirements of English style.

[11:49]  ⁴⁶ sn The expression the wisdom of God is a personification of an attribute of God that refers to his wise will.

[11:50]  ⁴⁷ tn Or “that this generation may be charged with”; or “the blood of all the prophets… may be required from this generation.” This is a warning of judgment. These people are responsible for the shedding of prophetic blood.

[11:50]  ⁴⁸ tn Or “foundation.” However, this does not suggest a time to the modern reader.

[11:50]  ⁴⁹ tn The order of the clauses in this complicated sentence has been rearranged to simplify it for the modern reader.

[11:51]  ⁵⁰ sn Gen 4:10 indicates that Abel’s blood cried out for justice.

[11:51]  ⁵¹ sn It is not clear which Zechariah is meant here. It is probably the person mentioned in 2 Chr 24:20-25.

[11:51]  ⁵² tn Or “who perished.”

[11:51]  ⁵³ tn Or “and the temple”; Grk “and the house,” but in this context a reference to the house of God as a place of sanctuary.

[11:51]  ⁵⁴ tn Or “required from.”

[13:33]  ⁵⁵ tn This is the frequent expression δεῖ (dei, “it is necessary”) that notes something that is a part of God’s plan.

[13:33]  ⁵⁶ tn Or “unthinkable.” See L&N 71.4 for both possible meanings.

[13:33]  ⁵⁷ tn Or “should perish away from.”

[13:33]  ⁵⁸ sn Death in Jerusalem is another key theme in Luke’s material: 7:16, 34; 24:19; Acts 3:22-23. Notice that Jesus sees himself in the role of a prophet here. Jesus’ statement, it is impossible that a prophet should be killed outside Jerusalem, is filled with irony; Jesus, traveling about in Galilee (most likely), has nothing to fear from Herod; it is his own people living in the very center of Jewish religion and worship who present the greatest danger to his life. The underlying idea is that Jerusalem, though she stands at the very heart of the worship of God, often kills the prophets God sends to her (v. 34). In the end, Herod will be much less a threat than Jerusalem.

[13:34]  ⁵⁹ sn The double use of the city’s name betrays intense emotion.

[13:34]  ⁶⁰ tn Although the opening address (“Jerusalem, Jerusalem”) is direct (second person), the remainder of this sentence in the Greek text is third person (“who kills the prophets and stones those sent to her”). The following sentences then revert to second person (“your… you”), so to keep all this consistent in English, the third person pronouns in the present verse were translated as second person (“you who kill… sent to you”).

[13:34]  ⁶¹ sn How often I have longed to gather your children. Jesus, like a lamenting prophet, speaks for God here, who longed to care tenderly for Israel and protect her.

[13:34]  ⁶² tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “but” to indicate the contrast present in this context.

[13:34]  ⁶³ tn Grk “you were not willing.”

[13:1]  ⁶⁴ tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “now” to indicate the transition to a new topic.

[13:1]  ⁶⁵ sn This is an event that otherwise is unattested, though several events similar to it are noted in Josephus (J. W. 2.9.2-4 [2.169-177]; Ant. 13.13.5 [13.372-73], 18.3.1-2 [18.55-62]; 18.4.1 [18.85-87]). It would have caused a major furor.

[2:15]  ⁶⁶ tn Grk “And it happened that when.” The introductory phrase ἐγένετο (egeneto, “it happened that”), common in Luke (69 times) and Acts (54 times), is redundant in contemporary English and has not been translated. Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.

[2:15]  ⁶⁷ map For location see Map5 B1; Map7 E2; Map8 E2; Map10 B4.

[2:15]  ⁶⁸ sn Note how although angels delivered the message, it was the Lord whose message is made known, coming through them.